discountelectrics.com Appliances & Sensible Home Choices

Statistics

Household Electricity Prices Statistics: EU, U.S. and UK

A source-based comparison of household electricity prices, taxes, state averages, monthly trends and UK bill estimates.

November 12, 2026 9 min read discountelectrics.com Editorial Team

Contents

Household electricity prices statistics: EU household price levels

The EU weighted-average electricity price for medium-sized household consumers, including taxes, levies and VAT, was €0.2896 per kWh in the second half of 2025. Eurostat defines this consumer band as annual use of 2,500–5,000 kWh. The weighted average uses the most recent available household consumption data, which in this report were from 2024. It therefore describes a weighted EU price for a defined consumption band, not the rate faced by every household or a simple average of country prices. Eurostat, Electricity price statistics

Eurostat reported the EU weighted average at €0.2832 per kWh in the first half of 2026, with taxes included. The same report gives a pre-tax price of €0.2059 per kWh for the second half of 2025 and €0.2027 per kWh for the first half of 2026. These observations distinguish the amount paid after taxes and levies from the electricity price before those charges. They cover consecutive half-year periods, so they provide a short comparison rather than a long-term forecast. Eurostat, Electricity price statistics

EU medium-sized household pricePeriodPrice per kWhTax treatment
Weighted average2025 second half€0.2896Including taxes, levies and VAT
Weighted average2026 first half€0.2832Including taxes
Price series2025 second half€0.2059Excluding taxes
Price series2026 first half€0.2027Excluding taxes

Eurostat, Electricity price statistics

For historical context within the reported series, the EU household price including taxes reached €0.2916 per kWh in the first half of 2024, identified as the period’s peak. The figure for the second half of 2025 was €0.2896 per kWh. These are measured prices for the stated periods; they do not establish why the levels differed. The report also gives Ireland’s price in the first half of 2026 as €0.3871 per kWh, the highest listed country value in that comparison. That country observation and the weighted EU average are distinct measures and should not be treated as equivalent. Eurostat, Electricity price statistics

Household electricity prices statistics: EU taxes and levies

Taxes and levies made up 28.9% of the EU household electricity price in the second half of 2025. Their share was 28.4% in the first half of 2026. Eurostat’s series also records a low of 14.7% in the second half of 2022 and a 41.0% share in the second half of 2019. Together, these observations show that the tax-and-levy portion varied over the reported periods. They are shares of the total household price, not tax rates applied uniformly to each customer’s bill. Eurostat, Electricity price statistics

VAT is one component within the broader tax picture. At EU level, VAT accounted for 15.1% of the total household electricity price in the first half of 2026. The country range ran from 4.7% in Malta to 21.2% in Hungary for the same period. These are VAT shares of household prices; they are not measures of the total taxes-and-levies share, so the figures should be read separately. Eurostat, Electricity price statistics

Tax measurePeriodReported share
EU taxes and levies2019 second half41.0%
EU taxes and levies2022 second half14.7%
EU taxes and levies2025 second half28.9%
EU taxes and levies2026 first half28.4%
EU VAT share of total price2026 first half15.1%
Country VAT-share range2026 first half4.7%–21.2%

Eurostat, Electricity price statistics

Household electricity prices statistics: EU country comparisons

Eurostat’s news release reports the following household electricity prices, including taxes, for the second half of 2025. The highest listed prices were in Ireland, Germany and Belgium; the lowest listed prices among the observations here were in Hungary, Malta and Bulgaria. The figures are euros per 100 kWh, and the ranking is a comparison of reported nominal prices, not an adjustment for differences in purchasing power. Eurostat, EU household electricity prices stable in 2025

Country group in the releaseCountryPrice, € per 100 kWh
Highest listedIreland40.42
Highest listedGermany38.69
Highest listedBelgium34.99
Lowest listedHungary10.82
Lowest listedMalta12.82
Lowest listedBulgaria13.55

Eurostat, EU household electricity prices stable in 2025

The release also describes year-over-year changes in national currencies from the second half of 2024 to the second half of 2025. Prices increased by 58.6% in Romania, 34.3% in Austria and 32.7% in Ireland. The largest reductions among the observations listed here were 14.7% in Cyprus, 12.5% in France and 11.9% in Denmark. These are national-currency comparisons; they are not the euro-per-100-kWh levels in the preceding table. The release’s figures show the size and direction of reported changes, without establishing their causes. Eurostat, EU household electricity prices stable in 2025

Purchasing power standards (PPS) provide a separate way to compare household prices. In the second half of 2025, the release reported 49.52 PPS per 100 kWh in Romania, 38.65 in Czechia and 37.15 in Poland among its highest PPS observations. Among the lowest were Malta at 14.09 PPS per 100 kWh, Hungary at 15.10 and Finland at 18.77. PPS values are not euro prices; they express the comparison in purchasing-power-standard units. Keeping them separate from nominal euro values avoids mixing two different measures. Eurostat, EU household electricity prices stable in 2025

Household electricity prices statistics: U.S. state prices

The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) reports residential end-use average prices in cents per kilowatthour. Its 2025 state table places Hawaii at 40.40 cents per kWh and North Dakota at 11.82 cents per kWh. California’s residential average was 31.35 cents per kWh. These are annual end-use averages, not household bills: a bill depends on the amount of electricity used, and the table’s price measure alone does not report a household’s consumption. EIA, Table 2.10. Average Price of Electricity to Ultimate Customers by End-Use Sector, by State, 2025 and 2024

The table also reports a New England regional average of 28.84 cents per kWh. Selected state observations in the same region include Connecticut at 29.31 cents per kWh, Maine at 27.69, Massachusetts at 30.41 and New Hampshire at 24.53. The regional figure is a census-division observation, while the other figures are for individual states. This selection illustrates that the region’s reported value sits among a range of state averages; it does not represent every state or customer equally. EIA, Table 2.10. Average Price of Electricity to Ultimate Customers by End-Use Sector, by State, 2025 and 2024

State or region2025 residential average, cents per kWh
Hawaii40.40
California31.35
Massachusetts30.41
Connecticut29.31
New England28.84
Maine27.69
New Hampshire24.53
North Dakota11.82

EIA, Table 2.10. Average Price of Electricity to Ultimate Customers by End-Use Sector, by State, 2025 and 2024

Household electricity prices statistics: U.S. annual and monthly prices

EIA’s national residential series covers the 50 states and the District of Columbia and includes energy service provider data. The annual average was 12.55 cents per kWh in 2016, 13.15 in 2020, 13.66 in 2021 and 15.04 in 2022. It then stood at 16.48 cents per kWh in 2024 and 17.23 in 2025. This selected sequence documents the reported annual levels for those years; it does not supply a complete explanation of the changes between them. EIA, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.3. Average Price of Electricity to Ultimate Customers: Total by End-Use Sector, 2016–August 2026

YearU.S. residential average, cents per kWh
201612.55
202013.15
202113.66
202215.04
202416.48
202517.23

EIA, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.3

The monthly observations offer more detail for selected points in 2025 and 2026. The national residential average was 15.92 cents per kWh in January 2025 and 18.05 in September 2025. For 2026, EIA reported preliminary estimates of 18.60 cents per kWh in March and 18.16 in August. The 2026 values are preliminary cutoff-model estimates, whereas 2025 and earlier values in this table are final. That status distinction matters when comparing the latest monthly entries with finalized annual figures. EIA, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.3

MonthResidential average, cents per kWhStatus
January 202515.92Final
September 202518.05Final
March 202618.60Preliminary estimate
August 202618.16Preliminary estimate

EIA, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.3

household electricity prices: UK household electricity bills and consumption

The UK Department for Energy Security and Net Zero estimates standard household electricity bills using fixed annual consumption of 3,400 kWh. On that basis, the estimated average bill was £1,067 in 2024 and £1,063 in 2025, with the 2025 figure marked provisional. These are modelled bill estimates at a defined consumption level, not a survey of what households actually paid or a measured average of household use. The report also uses 4,800 kWh for Economy 7 and other time-of-use electricity tariffs. Its gas bill estimate uses a separate fixed annual consumption assumption of 11,200 kWh. DESNZ, Quarterly Energy Prices: December 2025

The report’s combined domestic gas and standard-electricity estimate was £1,881 in 2024 and £1,896 in 2025, with the latter provisional. For this combined bill, the assumptions are 11,200 kWh of gas and 3,400 kWh of electricity. A historical chart gives a combined estimate of £2,307 for 2023, comprising a £1,213 electricity component and a £1,094 gas component. For 2021, it shows a combined £1,213, with £731 for electricity and £482 for gas. Those historical chart values are presented as estimates in current prices. DESNZ, Quarterly Energy Prices: December 2025

UK domestic bill measurePeriodEstimate
Standard electricity, fixed use of 3,400 kWh2024£1,067
Standard electricity, fixed use of 3,400 kWh2025 provisional£1,063
Combined gas and standard electricity2021£1,213
Combined gas and standard electricity2023£2,307
Combined gas and standard electricity2024£1,881
Combined gas and standard electricity2025 provisional£1,896

DESNZ, Quarterly Energy Prices: December 2025

The 2025 UK estimates exclude Energy Bills Support Scheme payments. Their fixed consumption assumptions make the figures useful for comparing estimated bills on a consistent basis, but they should not be read as evidence that a typical household consumed exactly 3,400 kWh of electricity or 11,200 kWh of gas. The reported consumption values are calculation inputs, and the 2025 amounts are provisional. DESNZ, Quarterly Energy Prices: December 2025

Sources

Written by

discountelectrics.com Editorial Team

Editorial team

Independent editorial coverage of appliances & sensible home choices.

More to Explore